Reaction on stress management seminar Essay

Stress Management Workshop spearheaded by the Third Year Psychology Majors and their adviser Prof. Aminoding B. Limpao was successfully been carried out last March 03, 2013. The 4-hours activity from 8am-12noon were offered to students like me who are taking up the subject Psychology as part of our Course. The objective of the said activity focuses on what’s, where’s, when’s and how’s of the main topic which is â€Å"STRESS† itself. The workshop is about the nature and definition of stress; from where can we acquire it; the duration and when will it occur; and the possible interventions and coping activities that will enable us to manage it. These subtopics were presented to us. Before I went to the venue that day, I was preoccupied with the idea about how the activity would go. Lots of questions were formulated inside my head as of that moment. I don’t know exactly what to expect and what to look forward to. But there are just few things I am sure of, the learning and the knowledge that I will be able to acquire after adds interest in me. I am but a student who crave for knowledge and who search for information which will have a relevant impact into my life in the field of academe and also in my everyday living. Just the thought of positive and informative activity in which I can get something out of it gives vigor and motivation for me to really attend and discover how beneficial it could be to me. Since I have never been into such a Seminar Workshop involving Stress Management and its related topics, I choose to attend willingly aside from the compliance of this requirement. Together with my MSUan co-participants we were welcomed with the comfortable ambiance of the facilitating council with enthusiasm. I was amazed by the number of students willing to learn and sort out how such an activity will help us. I saw familiar faces but most of them were new to my eyes. Having no idea about the process of the workshop puts a little tinge of nervousness that grappled me. However, that strange feeling wear off as the opening of the workshop started. They facilitate ice-breakers and games so as to make us feel comfortable on them, the facilitators. They were very friendly and accommodating making us participant at ease in their hands. We were divided into groups composing 8-10 members. Each of the groups was isolated in a classroom and there the proper session was held. Inside the classrooms we did series of unexpected activities. I like the way they conduct the whole session because it’s not a spoon-feeding type of lecture but a two-way process wherein interaction is there. The facilitators let us discover and evaluate ourselves through asking us questions that aids our learning. These are my summation and learning drawn from the activity in which the questions and objectives presented has been answered. I learned that stress is considered as expected or unexpected constraining force, influence, conditions and the like. These stimuli are stressors which trigger a response from an individual and have relative effect from one person to the other. Stress is a two-faced event that is either negative or positive. They are characterized because of the nature of the cause whether it is from anxiety and pressures that result into a negative effect or it from strivings and challenges that motivate an individual resulting into a positive outcome. With the statements on the latter I can say that stress doesn’t only bring about negativities into our very lives but it also motivate us and compel us to become productive. If we don’t recognized the stressors around us and felt stressed out, probably we will not be able to accomplish tasks which are handed before us. Without stress we will not be able to strive in order to attain or finish something. We get stress for some factors, external or internal factors. External factors are the environment, the people we get in touched with, the activities we are facing every day, the conditions we are into. Internal factors may be classified into the mind setting that we have and the reactions we initiate upon subjected into a stressful situations. Sometimes it’s not always that other people or things are the very reason why we are stressed at times we create our own stress. Stress is everywhere, from the very day that we are born to the very last breath that we take in life. Therefore, we cannot really predict when this stressor will come to visit us. It is proper that we prepare ourselves anytime because during stressful situations our body reacts with it affecting the physical, emotional, cognitive and behavioral aspects of an individual that brings about change to the normal functioning. All of these aspects are interconnected with each other. We cannot really eradicate totally stress but at least we do steps which will lessen our vulnerability to it and to avoid oneself be controlled by this stress. With these, in order to cope up with this and to get back on track is to gain  control over one’s life. We do things which will lessen the baggage that we are bringing through the following activities: diversional activities, finding company to be with, sleep, eat, watching movies, self-isolation and others. But for me the very useful way to manage stress is to identify it, reflect for positive mind-setting, plan acts that will compensate with it, do this acts for the betterment of one self and everything else will follow later on that will finally lead to stress managing and stress relief. I also learned that there are also techniques on how to manage stress by doing massage, nine-joint exercises, relaxation techniques like deep breathing and others. Human as we are, we are created differently from one another. A stress for one may not be a stress for the other. An intervention or coping mechanism against stress by certain may consider by another as an additional stressors. Therefore, we must try to manage ourselves and recognize clearly our individual limits. The Stress Management Workshop, I may say, was a success. We learned a lot and at the same time we enjoyed the routines and sessions they conducted to us. Knowledge was acquired and rest assured this knowledge will be shared to others, be used in my daily living especially when I’m under a stressful situation.

GFP protein

Green Florescent Protein, abbreviated as GFP, is a protein composed of 238 amino acids that is commonly found in mnemiopsis, comb Jelly. It has a major wavelength at 396 nm and a minor one at 475 nm. GFP is what gives mnemiopsis their bright green florescent glow. ultraviolet light, or blue light, is necessary to see the florescent glow of this protein. GFP is an irregular protein because It Is highly resistant to denaturation by temperature and PH. It can survive In temperatures up to 98 degrees and has a pH of 12. 2 due to Its complex exterior, called the beta barrel. At an pH higher than 12. It denatures. It also has an Isoelectric point at 5. 3. The peripheral beta barrel cannot be digested or broken apart by protease because of the strong bonds holding It together. The beta barrel protects the chromophore, which Is the substance which gives GFP Its green glow. When CFP Is extracted from the plasmid of an E. Coll or from a Jellyfish, It contains an array different contaminants ma king it difficult for scientist to do experiments with GFP. A procedure in purifying GFP from a crude cell extract to nearly 100% GFP so that it can be analyzed and used in scientific experiments and research is necessary.The goal is to ptimize each protocol used to purify crude GFP. Methods Ammonium Sulfate Precipitation To purify the crude samples of GFP, the ion exchange method separates substances inside the test tube by similar charge. A sample of crude GFP of 7. 5 mL in a plastic tube was used for the experiment. Knowing that 43. 6 grams of ammonium sulfate in a 100 mL solution yields a 70% percent saturated solution, the proportion 43. 6g 11 00 mL=x/7. 5 mL was used to determine that 3. 27 grams of ammonium sulfate needs to be added to the experimental sample. After adding the ammonium sulfate, the solution was stirred gently to prevent frothing.Once most of the solution is transferred, the tube was placed on a triple beam balance along with another tube that went through the same process. The centrifuge was set at 15,000 rpms for 15 minutes so that the hydrophobic materials will separate and become the supernatant while the GFP pellet will remain behind. Once the 15 minutes elapsed, a new pipette was used to remove the supernatant, leaving behind the pellet of GFP and hydrophilic contaminates. To remove the hydrophilic substances, 5 mL of 4 molar ammonium sulfate and 15 mL of 10 mL tris at a p of 8 was added Into the oak ridge entrifuge test tube.The solution Is then put Into the centrifuge at 15,000 rpm for 15 minutes again. Once 15 minutes has passed, the supernatant, containing the GFP, was removed by a pipette and put In a microfuge. Hydrophobic Interaction Hgure yaropnoDlc Interactlon set up One molar ammonium sulfate was added to the column to wash the sample. Adding 1 molar ammonium sulfate washes the sample because a high salt concentration increases hydrophobicity of the GFP and the buffer, causing most of the GFP to be at the very top of the column. Substances that are hydrophilic get flushed out of the olumn while the more hydrophobic substances stay in the container.After the column has been eluted with 1 molar ammonium sulfate, the tris buffer is added to the ammonium sulfate to dilute it into . 5 molar ammonium sulfate. The volume of 1 molar ammonium sulfate inside the oak ridge centrifuge test tube is the volume of the tris buffer that will be added. After the column chromatography has been flushed with . 5 molar ammonium sulfate, more hydrophobic substances will be flushed out since the hydrophobicity of the tris buffer and the GFP has decreased. This causes the GFP to spread out in the column. Finally the amount of . 5 molar ammonium sulfate is diluted with tris buffer to . 5 molar ammonium which should cause most of the GFP to be flushed out of the column along with other substances that are very hydrophobic. While this experiment is going on the liquid that comes out of the column is collected in multiple test tubes. These test tubes contain GFP and other contaminants. The solutions are than read by a spectrophotometer. Each test tube will be tested by the spectrophotometer so that a graph can be made. Anion Exchange Figure 2: Siphon Bridge set up for Anion Exchange Figure 3: Centricon Test Tube In order to use anion exchange, the starting condition of the sample needs to be in a low salt solution.However after the GFP had gone through hydrophobic interaction, it was in a high salt solution. Before facing this dilemma, the fractions were pooled by centricon which decreases the overall sample volume by removing some buffer and salt solution. This greatly increases the GFP concentration in the samples. The fractions are placed in the centricon and then into a centrifuge for 25 minutes at 3,000 rpm to be separated by size. The large proteins stay in the entricon while buffer and salt solution goes into the plunger. To reduce the concentration of salt in the GFP sample, the sample is diluted 10 folds.Since the amount of GFP that was restored was 18 mL, 162 mL of tris buffer needed to be added. The diluted GFP is then put in the chromatography container, containing positively charged DEAE which is attracted to the GFP at a low salt concentration. After the GFP has been completely filled, the column is connected to a beaker that contains a low salt concentration. the low salt concentration beaker is connected to a high salt concentration beaker. As one drop of low salt solution goes into the chromatography column, one drop of high salt solution goes into the low salt solution.Gradually the salt concentration increases in the low salt beaker and in the column chromatography, causing GFP to spread down the container. The eluted GFP dripped out of the column chromatography to be collected in test tubes. I nree pnase partltlonlng Figure 4: Precipitate of GFP. T-butanol is one top while contaminates are on bottom GFP then went through three-phase partitioning, also known as TT P. The fractions taken after an anion exchange was 15 millilieter. Ten ml of 4 M ammonium sulfate was added to this volume to increase the salt concentration of the solution to 1. M, which is about 40% salt saturation. Twenty-five milliliters of t-butanol was added then added which was the same amount of ammonium sulfate and GFP in the container. The container was then placed in the centrifuge for ten minutes at 4600 RPM, causing the mixture to split into three layers; butanol on top, GFP in solution on the bottom, and precipitated contaminants in-between. The top layer of butanol and disk of precipitate were taken out. The volume of GFP solution was again matched in utanol and the container went into the centrifuge again. An aspirator was used to extract the GFP into a microfuge. . 6M ammonium sulfate was then added to the microfuge and the container was placed in a micro centrifuge for one minute at 13,000 RPM. Butanol and other contaminants that had not been take out previously f ormed a disc, was then taken out with an aspirator and the remaining GFP was then left in the microfuge. HPLC Figure 5: HPLC basic layout After the sample went through three phase partitioning, it was put through the High Performance Liquid Chromatography for a final purification. First liquid was put into the HPLC to clean out any previous GFP inside the loop of the HPLC and the column of the HPLC.Then, GFP in the microfuge was sucked into an injector to be put into the HPLC. Pushing the top of the injector slowly, GFP entered into a loop inside the HPLC. Once the GFP was placed in the loop, a knob was turned clockwise to the word lock. The GFP was then sent to the column where it was purified further by size through the minuscule beads. About 6,000 pounds of pressure per square inch was produced by the HPLC to push the GFP through the beads. While this was occurring, a pectrophotometer connected to the HPLC read the wavelengths of substances.Near the 396 nm wavelength, GFP was col lected in a microfuge tube. A UV light was held near tne exlt 0T Results e HPLC to measure tne amount ng sample. Graph 1: Results of the sample after HIC at a wavelength of 395 nm Graph 2: Results of the sample after HIC at a wavelength of 280 nm Graph 3: Results of the sample after HIC of the entire spectrum Seventeen test tubes were received after the HIC purification process. A blank consisting of tris buffer and ammonium sulfate was sampled in the spectrophotometer against liquid from each of the seventeen test tubes.Graph one represents the sample after HIC at a wavelength of 395 nm while graph two Results shows the results after HIC at a wavelength of 280 nm. After HIC, the fractions 12 to 16 were chosen for their purity and recovery of GFP. Graph one show the amount of GFP in each fraction number while graph two shows the total amount of protein in each fraction number. Graph three shows the spectrum of the entire sample. Graph 4: Results after Anion Exchange at a 397 nm wave length Graph 5: Results after Anion Exchange at a 280 nm wavelength Graphing 6 Thirteen test tubes were collected from the Anion Exchange purification process.This time the samples were blanked against tris buffer at 8. 0 pH and 0. 5 molar sodium chloride. Graph four shows results of the Anion Exchange at a 397 nm wavelength and graph five shows the results after Anion Exchange at a 280 nm wavelength. Once again, the graph at a 297 nm wavelength shows the amount of GFP while the graph at a 280 nm wavelength shows the amount of total protein. Graph six represents the results of the entire spectrum. The GFP peak was a lot more visible. Step Iotal sample (mL Abs (280) Total Protein Abs (397) GFP Ratio Crude sample 120 1600 . 25 At-ns042- 20 1 . 61 . 9 118 HIC 18 . 28 . 173 . 618 15 . 126 . 130 1. 03 3 Phase Partitioning . 01 n/a . 75 . 243 . 257 1. 06 Table 1: This is the overall data table. The second column shows the total volume at the start of each purification step. The following two columns are the peaks of the graphs at those wavelengths. The last column represents the ratio of GFP to the total Protein. The most desirable ratio is 1. 25. Dlscusslon The first method in purifying the crude GFP was using the ammonium sulfate precipitate. When ammonium sulfate is placed in water, it dissociates into ammonium (NH4+) and sulfate ions (S042-).Water, composed of two hydrogen ions and one oxygen ion, is a polar molecule because the oxygen has a high electronegativity. Oxygen has a greater affinity making the oxygen portion of water negative and the hydrogen portion of the water positive. The dissociated positively charged ammonium ion is allured to the negatively charged oxygen while the negatively charged sulfate ions are attracted to the dissociated positively charged hydrogen. The attraction between the ammonium sulfate and the water was so strong that the GFP and other proteins were left unoccupied, causing them to precipitate.When GFP in the 70% salt solution was placed into the centrifuge, substances such as DNA and RNA was removed because they became part of the supernatant. At a 70% salt concentration, only hydrophilic substances stay in solution while the more hydrophobic substances precipitate. When the GFP in a 25% solution of salt was placed in the centrifuge, the GFP and other substances went back into solution because there not enough water was occupied by the salt. Before the GFP is placed in the centrifuge, it must be balanced with another centrifuge with the same weight and the two containers must be placed across from one another.This is vital because the centrifuge needs to be balanced when it is rotating at an incredibly fast speed. Failure to have balanced centrifuge containers can result in a broken centrifuge and loud sounds. Also when mixing the GFP with salt, it is important not the shake the container or frothing will occur, making it difficult to transfer the solution in to an oak ridge centrifuge tube. The second p urification procedure that GFP underwent was hydrophobic interactions. During this purification, GFP binded to the non-polar Phenyl Sepharose beads because of its non-polar and hydrophobic traits.However the water in tris buffer is strong enough to separate the attraction between GFP and the Phenyl Sepharose. Therefore a high salt concentration is necessary to occupy the water so that the GFP and the Phenyl Sepharose to be attracted together. At a high salt concentration, GFP with bind easily to the Phenyl Sepharose since very little water molecules would interfere with the attraction and at a low salt concentration, GFP would not bind easily to the Phenyl Sepharose because tnere wlll De a lot 0T unoccuplea water molecules tnat wlll De aDle to InterTere wltn the GFP and Phenyl Sepharose attraction.Before the experiment, ten millimolar tris buffer at a pH of 8 was used to clean the column in order to keep the pH stable and to wash away the salt, ammonium sulfate, in the column. Remov ing the salt is vital because the buffer that once surrounds the salt will be allured to the hydrophobic benzene and to the hydrophobic patches on the GFP. Since the hydrophobic patches of the GFP are already filled, they will be flushed out, leaving mostly beads of benzene and the 10 millimolar tris buffer at a pH of 8. Once the column has been clean, it needs to be equilibrated so that the salt concentration is the same through the olumn.The step gradient used, started ata 1 molar ammonium sulfate concentration and was halved until a . 25 molar concentration to separate substances by hydrophobicity. The third purification procedure was anion exchange. In this procedure, GFP and other contaminants are separated by charge. The beads in the containers are different from the beads from the hydrophobic interaction because on they have a different chemical called DEAE which makes them positively charged. GFP has both protons and electrons on it which is why it was not easily attracted t o the DEAE, which is why the GFP is put in a basic solution.Ata high pH, the amount of negatively charged hydroxide increases and these hydroxides are allured by the protons on the GFP. The protons are than neutralized, making GFP a negatively charged molecule. The isoelectric point of GFP is at a pH of 5. 3. Ata pH higher than 5. 3, it is negatively charged and when it is at a pH lower than 5. 3, it is positively charged. Once the column chromatography is filled with GFP and connected to a beaker of low salt which connected to a beaker of high salt, anion exchange occurs. As the salt concentration increases, the GFP slowly spreads down the column and eventually out f the column into test tubes.Between the HIC and the Ion exchange chromatography, the sample the fractions were pooled and put in a centricon causing the GFP concentration in the samples to increase. This occurred because the ultrafilter only allowed particles smaller than protein to go in to the pusher. The large protei ns stay in the centricon while buffer and salt solution goes into the plunger. The sample of GFP was also diluted 10 folds because the sample needs to be in a low salt solution to use anion exchange and after the GFP had gone through hydrophobic interaction, it was in a high salt solution.The anion exchange method creates a continuous salt gradient because as one drop of low salt solution goes into the column chromatography, causing GFP to spread down the container. The follow procedure was the three phase partitioning purification. T-butanol and 1. 6 molar ammonium sulfate were essential for this procedure. T-butanol has a low density causing in to stay above the GFP solution. In addition it has an attraction for water and other hydrophobic substances causing 5 mL of water to be drawn out of the GFP sample and precipitated substances to float between the t-butanol and the GFP sample.Fresh t-butanol is necessary after removing the old t-butanol with the contaminants because at that point, the salt concentration had increased since water was drawn out. was aDle to De preclpltatea Decause 0T tne nlgn salt concentration. The final procedure for purifying GFP was using the HPLC which separated substances by size. The beads used in the HPLC column are miniscule and porous. The pours on the beads give substances of the same size more opportunities to leave the HPLC at the same time. Since the beads are so small, high pressure is needed to push the GFP sample through the beads.Naturally, smaller substances will exit the HPLC first while larger materials will exist last. In all scientific experiments room for error is unavoidable. During the HIC, IEX, three phase partitioning, and the HPLC, amounts of GFP were lost due to the GFP sticking to a container, a pipette, and even spills. During the HIC some of the GFP was lost due the overflowing the test tubes with liquid exiting the column. During the HPLC some GFP was lost because not all GFP dripping out of the HPLC wen t in to the microphage. Other errors include letting the column dry because the liquid was not dded to the beaker about the column.During the spectrophotometer runs, the blank was no inserted correctly causing the reading of the GFP to be incorrect. In addition, the order in which the GFP samples were suppose to be placed in the spectrophotometer was messed up. Judging from the overall purification table, table 1, the purification was quite successful. Originally, the ratio was only . 25, but by the end of all the purification procedures, it obtained a ratio 1. 06. A 1. 25 ratio is most desirable and through the purification, the ratio was nearly reached. The anion exchange, three phase artitioning, and the HPLC purification were the most impacting procedures.The anion exchange greatly increased the purity of the crude sample compared to the HIC purification. The three phase partitioning and HPLC purified the GFP even more. Some improvements to the protocols would be to start with t he anion exchange purification so that overall, the salt solution would go from a low salt concentration to a higher salt concentration. This also eliminates the need to dilute the solution. In addition, an automatic machine could be used to shift the test tubes that collect the iquid exiting the columns to prevent overflowing test tubes and the risk losing GFP.GFP is unique because of its florescent glow. This glow can be used as a marker or an indicator. If a glowing marker could be placed on infectious cells such as tumor cells or cancerous cells, it would revolutionize the treatment of these diseases because doctors will be able to track where the harmful cells are. In addition, if it is possible to trigger the florescence of GFP with UV light, it can eventually be used in light bulbs to produce light. GFP light bulbs would last for an incredibly long time ince they are very resistant to denaturing.In addition, in vehicles, GFP can be mixed in the motor oil, transmission oil, po wer steering oil, air conditioning oil, and other oils so that if a leak occurs in a car, it can easily be spotted by shinning UV light on the car. The purification of GFP can lead to endless new innovations in electrical engineering, automotive repair, and curing deadly diseases.

Healthcare Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Healthcare Marketing - Essay Example This paper outlines the marketing plan of Adalp Insurance Medical Agencies. This paper analyzes the target market of the agency, and the products that the agency offers. This paper gives out the SWOT analysis of the organization, but in different sections. This paper will also identify the marketing and financial goals of the organization, and how the organization intends to achieve these goals. This plan will also give out the methods in which the organization needs to follow for purposes of ensuring that it fully implements its marketing strategy. Introduction: Health care marketing is a new strategy in public health that uses the traditional principles of marketing, as well as the science based strategies of marketing for purposes of preventing diseases, and promoting health. It is through health care marketing that various advances in medicine are made known to the public. It is also through health care marketing that the public gets to know the various medical services that an i nstitution offers, such as health care insurance and circumcision services. This is a health care marketing plan for Adalp Insurance Medical Agency. The company offers medical insurance services to the poor, and mostly patients who are admitted into the hospital. The diseases that the insurance policy of the company covers are all manner of chronic diseases. This includes diabetes and cancer. Market Analysis: This section provides information on the organizational and product overview of Adalp Insurance Agency. This section explains the various insurance policies that the agency offers. It also identifies the strengths and weaknesses of the agency. This section also explains in detail the target market for the Insurance agency. This section also explains the target market for the insurance agency. The target markets for the services of the insurance agency are the poor and the rich. i. Organization and Product Overview. The company offers insurance policies on all manner of chronic diseases, and this includes diabetes, all types of cancer and HIV AIDS. There are two main types of insurance policies that the organization offers, and they include the high end insurance policy, and the low end insurance policy. The high end insurance policy has two sections. The first section covers children, while the second section covers adults. This policy covers all manner of chronic diseases, and it is very expensive, since it offers specialized treatment. The second type of policy that the agency offers is the low end insurance policy. This policy only offers insurance medical cover to certain chronic diseases, such as diabetes. It does not cover the treatment of cancer, and it is only available to adults. In order to offer these services in an efficient and effective manner, Adalp Insurance Company liaises with the following public hospitals, Cleveland clinic, National Institute of Health, Mayo clinic, and John Hopkins institute of health. In case of a health issue, the a gency would pay the down payment for the treatment of its customers to these institutions. The agency will also carter for all the accommodation costs of its customers, in case they are not able to easily access these medical institutions. ii. Organizational strengths and weaknesses. One of the major strengths of Adalp Medical Insurance agency lies on its diverse workforce, and products. The company has Asians, African American and Caucasians working in it. On this basis, they are able to

English for Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

English for Business - Essay Example Non-verbal communication can be broadly grouped into two categories that is, nonverbal communications created by the body and nonverbal communications created by other settings like time, space, and silence. The type of the non-verbal communication to be used depend on the situations and the cultural background of the parties involved in communication. In a communication setting, each party should understand the different types of non-verbal signals used and their interpretations so that they understand one another (Lubin, 2011). Non-verbal communication is an important feature of communication especially in a high-context culture (Andrews University, n.d.).   It functions include repeating and emphasizing a verbal message pointing into the one direction while illustrating directions. Moreover, it can be used to accent a verbal message by tone variation that shows the concrete meaning of certain words. In addition, it complements the verbal message and can also contradict according to different cultures. For example, the head node among the Americans and Africans reinforces a positive message, but among the Chinese, it reinforces negative message. Furthermore, a wink contradicts stated affirmative message but reinforces the statement as positive among Chinese. Nonverbal cues also control interactions, for example, they convey when the other party should speak or not speak in a conversation. They can also be used to substitute for the verbal communication especially if an individual has lost voice tone through illness (Lubin, 2011). They can use gestures like finger to lips to show the necessity for silence, facial expressions, for example, a nod to mean yes among Americans. This type of communication is important in intercultural interaction situations and accounts for the distinctive difficulties in communication across cultures. The non-verbal communication among different cultures can be explained in various means of communication without the use of

Cooperative Marketing of Global gadgets imports Research Paper

Cooperative Marketing of Global gadgets imports - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the definition of cooperative marketing as an advertising and promotional program whereby manufacturers or a distributor supports the marketing efforts of both businesses. It can also be used by multiple businesses looking to pool their resources to avoid being overburdened with costs for advertising and promotion. In addition, it is collaborative effort of two or more companies that come and work together in advertising and promotional efforts in order to reach a common goal. Cooperative marketing is ideal for Global gadgets imports. There are great values that come along with cooperative marketing. One of the great values that come along cooperative advertisement is that the cost of advertising will be greatly reduced. This happens when the partnering businesses come together and contribute towards the advertising and promotion of the product. This only happens when the businesses have the same interest. The cost will be cheaper in the end and in the s hort run for both businesses and the individual offices. The other great value that the businesses will derive is the benefit from a larger discount commonly known as trade discount. Another value of cooperative advertising is that the businesses will benefit from the risks involved. This will happen when businesses pool the risks and share them. This can happen when the distributing company tries to explain to its retailors the cause of a particular hitch resulting from the manufacturer. (West, 2008). There are a number of challenges that global gadgets imports needs to address when approaching a cooperative marketing situation. Cooperative marketing has guidelines that both companies must have similar targets. They should therefore, have same ideas, promotions, and cash in order to partner. The marketing intention should serve both companies accurately and effectively, since both brands wants to be conducting this effort. The element of trust is very essential in cooperative marke ting and has to be taken into consideration. Therefore, information sharing must be respected. Global gadgets imports should engage in cooperative marketing in various ways. One of these methods is through distribution. A retailor company can engage in cooperative marketing when the business being carried out involves the distribution to other retailors or distributors. In this way, Global gadgets imports will be involved and will gain greater geographical outreach to the various customers in the world. It will also help in creating awareness of these products in the market. The other way that Global gadgets imports can engage in cooperative marketing is through imaging. This helps to create awareness through consumer learning, overall product information, or focus on the product industry. This method also helps in establishing a positive outline of the goods of both companies in the minds of consumers and other related companies. This also helps to eliminate the negative media, joi ntly promotes the businesses products and may give lessons on the sternness of several problems that may be caused by occurrence impurity or product glitches (William, 2007). Differently, Global gadgets imports can engage in cooperative marketing through packaging. This is done through product packaging of the individual business products for product consistency. This helps in giving out a cohesive look and increase market influence. The packaging strategy can be done by implementing a standard base packaging for the partnership businesses products. Such kind of packaging should help eliminate transportation damage that occurs and establish a freshness look of the products. However, the packaging should be different from the parents company to help eliminate risks such as product substitution. In addition, Global Gadgets Imports should create a marketing team that tries to understand how their target market lives and understand their lifestyle. In carrying out this strategy, Global Gadgets Imports does necessarily have to promote a specific product, but the label acknowledgment should be

Paraphrasing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Paraphrasing - Essay Example Reports from eyewitnesses were recorded that a cloud of gas settled over and gradually moved through the shanty towns (Shastri, 1985). However, diffusion of this gas cloud was prevented by atmospheric inversion and low-wind speed. When the gas cleared on the dawn of December 4th, the affected individuals were either dead or injured. According to statistics, this is considered as one of the worst industrial disasters to happen; resulting to approximately 3,787 deaths and 558,125 injuries. This outstanding rate of fatalities did not stop but persisted for months causing further harm. Approximately 50,000 people were estimated to suffer from the long-term health effects. Moreover, nine years after the fatality, more than a thousand residents continued to experience health issues which may be linked to the accident. Examples of such health issues are corneal opacities, numbness, early cataracts, Post traumatic stress disorder, Impairment of memory, finer motor skills, and chronic bronchi tis (Dhara & Kriebel, 1993). After the tragedy, Union Carbide India Limited with the permission of the Indian government cleaned up the area until 1998. Union Carbide India Limited also donated $2 million to the Prime Minister’s Relief Fund, $5 million to the Indian Red Cross, and shared all information concerning methylisocyanate with the Indian government. In the year 1998, the Madhya Pradesh State Government took over Union Carbide India Limited and assumed responsibility. Five years later after the tragedy, the Supreme Court of India ordered Union Carbide India Limited to pay $470 million to the Indian government; the amount was paid in full ten days later. Moreover, the court ordered the Indian government to purchase medical insurance policy to cover 100,000 affected people. In the year 2004, the Supreme Court of India ordered the Government to give the remaining

Evolution of Integrated Marketing Communications to Integrated Brand Essay

Evolution of Integrated Marketing Communications to Integrated Brand Promotion - Essay Example As marketers become more sophisticated, they are recognize that IMC is more that just coordinating the various elements of the marketing and communications to have a 360 degrees approach to deliver a single message, as the concept of branding is emerging and more importance is laid upon the creation of an experience and promise that the brand holds, the concept of integrated brand promotion is a phenomenon that focuses on building brand identity and equity with the use of IMC to communicate and deliver the branding message effectively and efficiently. Building and maintaining brand identity and equity require the creation of well-known brands that have favorable, strong and unique associations in the minds of the consumer. 2. Imus Brothers Coffee, distributed by Fred and his radio disc jockey brother Don Imus' mail order Company, makes ground coffee and has targeted heavy users in the past. The company is now considering, however, switching to targeting college students, a target seg ment that is comprised largely of people who have just started to drink coffee and don't consume anywhere near as much as the heavy users. What are the disadvantages of the heavy-user strategy? What is the term used to describe the college students the company is considering targeting? What are the advantages of targeting this college student segment? Heavy users are more conscious about the quality of the coffee and are often choosy about what they want. They may be put off by some small mistake and have a negative image of the brand and may also lead to negative word of mouth among other heavy users. The company is targeting an emerging market which is untapped when it comes to coffee and this could mean that they could have a new segment to enter and achieve. This market development and would lead to increased market share and growth in sales. 3. You are the marketing manager for a mail-order company that ships spices from all over the world to customers across the globe. Given a choice between access to a mailing list and access to a marketing database, which would you choose? What are the advantages of your choice? Be as specific as possible. Marketing database would be a more efficient choice as it would be diverse and dense. The marketing database is created taking segmentation into consideration and it is more useful in terms of reach. Marketing database would hold complete information of the users and could also enable targeting and segmentation according to the company offerings. 4. Describe what branded entertainment is, how it differs from brand/product placement, and what its future is as a branding tool. The advent of brand entertainment is considered as one of the most major changes in the way IMC takes place since the past few years. The enormous growth of the concept of brand entertainment appends to its future as a successful branding tool. Brand entertainment can be described as a blend of marketing and entertainment and the process of using the entertainment media to grab the attention of the consumers and help them gain better exposure to the brand. Brand entertainment makes us of television, music, film and technology to create the mix between entertainment and marketing. Product/brand placement was a long time phenomenon used in films although brand entertainment is the same concept, but brand entertainment has led product placement to go beyond films to now embrace all forms of media. From films, to music videos, to computer games, all forms of media can be used to create or recreate an emotional connection with the consumers and increase exposure with

Outline Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 60

Outline - Essay Example The voice technology, especially the use of polygraphs are commonly made for interrogation with different questions that detects one is telling the truth or a lie and manipulation of voice and how the person speaks tells more. The reason they are still considered is because there are less than 5% of ‘good people at detecting lies’ are easily deceived and most out of empathy or emotions may not distinguish truth from lies (Roth, Williams, Phifer, & Twentieth Century Fox Home Entertainment, Inc, 2010). Voice technology through use of lie detectors may be of use in enforcing the law by distinguishing those telling the truth from lies. However, the limitations of trained liars and some honest, people may fail to be recognized leading to injustice. It is not always favorable to use them. In the last few decades, technology/scientific development has taken place in many areas and this affects us on the both a personal level and within our professions. Lie detection, a form of voice technology has been growing widespread and available, especially in law courts to investigate the truth. The good judgments made are helpful to individuals as well as the society while the negative effects affect them as well and may hinder justice. Brett,  A.  S., Phillips,  M., & Beary,  J.  F. (1986, March 8). Predictive Power of the Polygraph: Can the "Lie Detector" Really Detect Liars?, by Allan S. Brett, Michael Phillips, John F. Beary. Retrieved from http://www.american-buddha.com/art.predictivepowerpolygraphbeary.htm Brown,  T.  E., Senter,  S.  M., Ryan,  A.  H., & DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE POLYGRAPH INST FORT JACKSON SC. (2003). Ability of the Vericator to Detect Smugglers at a Mock Security Checkpoint. Ft. Belvoir: Defense Technical Information

Information Technology Essay Example for Free

Information Technology Essay Why do big companies still fail in their use of information technology? What should they be doing differently? The companies fail in use of Information Technology for a variety of reasons. Some reasons are mentioned below Software: The information system or software of the company plays major role in organization success. The software is often out of date. Software upgrades are essential with the fast growing technology and competitive market. Human Resource: The second element is human resource which causes company to fail in use of Information Technology. The newly upgraded or installed software are new to users which takes time to understand and operate the new software. Managers: The managers must have knowledge of new software and must know how to install and operate in the department. It’s the duty of manager to carry output from employees by newly introduced software. The right time to change software: The Company must identify the time period in the year where they feel the company is not very busy or can have some extra time to install and implement new software. No solution plan: Companies don’t create a good solution plan. All businesses should have a good plan to introduce new information technology and a good plan to maintain it. Proper installation and maintenance is the key to successful implementation of Information Technology. Security: Managers are failed to maintained security of the important and operational data. Managers must take care of Company Information and maintain standards to protect company important data from hackers and cyber criminals through fire walls, anti-virus and all necessary measures. How can information technology support a company’s business processes and decision making and give it a competitive advantage? Give examples to illustrate your answer. Information Technology plays a vital role in modern world. There are so many different ways that information technology can support a business’s processes and decision making. One of the ways that information technology can do this is by making information more readily available to managers with the programs that the IT specialist develops. For instance, the manager wants to know how sales are doing for a new product that was recently released. The program makes this easy for her to do with just a few click of the mouse. S he can log on to her computer, pull up the program, type in the name of the product that you want the information for and it all pops up. If you did not have  this program you may have to do all this manually, by adding the figures all up by yourself, or you may even have to go to the sales rep and talk to them and see how things have been. That can all be very time consuming. The technology can keep the manager informed on a daily basis leaving them able to keep tabs on their products and knowing whether or not they need to produce more, produce less, or stop the line all together cause sales are way low. Information Technology gives a company a competitive advantage because you can use the internet to make a Web site which allows customers or stockholders to easily access your information and make orders with just the click of a button. For instance, EBay and Amazon shrink our global market, worldwide buyers and sellers are just away one click from each other. Information Technology gives these companies the competitive advantage of very large market size and customers from all over the world. Many companies are now trying to get in the race of Information Technology based businesses to capture larger market and many customers which are impossible to reach demographically.

The Wizard of Oz Essay Example for Free

The Wizard of Oz Essay The Wizard of Oz uses film form by using similarity and repetition. With Dorothy being the main character, she is always reappearing in the film. As well as all of the characters, The Tin Man, The Lion, and The Scarecrow, have similarities to Dorothy. Each of them need something, Dorothy needs to go back home, The Tin Man needs a brain, The Scarecrow needs a heart, and The Lion needs courage. The film also progresses from the beginning to the end, as well as the characters. Dorothy starts at one spot, follows the yellow brick road and eventually makes it to her destination to see The Wizard of Oz, gets what she wants and ends up back home. The characters grow as they go. You can really evaluate this film because it is very interesting and catchy. The director carries the story very well in his Narrative form. Film Style (Mise-en-Scene) The viewers can pick up a lot from the film The Wizard of Oz. The setting is always pretty much the same, there is a lot of different colors, different shapes, and patterns. The filmmaker is always grabbing our attention with the variety of things that show up throughout the film. Something else that the viewers notice a lot is the characters, especially Dorothy. Each of their costumes represents the character, leaving the viewers to remember them by what they are wearing. The main thing that is remembered about Dorothy is her ruby red heels that end up getting her back home. Dorothy receives the ruby red heels at the beginning of her adventure and she wears them all throughout the film down the yellow brick road, and at the end of the film the ruby red heels have a big significance. Dorothy ends up getting let in to see the Wiz of Oz only because of the ruby red heels. Eventually, Dorothy clicks her ruby red heels together and they magically get her back home. (Cinematography) The Cinematography that the Wizard of Oz used is a benchmark for Technicolor’s three-strip process. The individual colors stand out everywhere, and there is never a trace of chroma noise. The image is brighter and sharper in the film. The contrast of the film really affects the mood. Since the contrast is so bright the viewer is bound to stay focused and aware because everything is so catchy and noticeable. Also, the exposure changes throughout the film. At the very beginning the film starts in black and white and changed to color as the story progressed. The filmmaker uses a lot of Long Takes, each shot of Dorothy meeting someone new is pretty lengthy. (Editing) The Wizard of Oz is an early film but editing is used quite a bit. First off, the absence of color in the beginning and the ending of the film. This sets an overall feeling of Dorothy being home. Next the film turns to color once Dorothy dreams of being in a different world, the color, yet again, set an overall mood for Dorothy in this new world â€Å"Over the rainbow.† The first steps of Dorothy being in the world of The Wizard of Oz gives off an example of inside and outside editing. The shot begins with a close up of Dorothy’s face and the camera slowly moves out to show everything else around Dorothy, which was the start of the yellow brick road and Munchkin land. After the viewer see all of that, the camera moves back in to Dorothys face when she says that they are not in Kansas anymore. One editing transition used a lot in The Wizard of Oz is the fade-in and dissolve. Another is cross-cut, two events occurring at the same time but in two different locations. This is used in the scene at the poppy field, after Dorothy and her friends meet the Lion. The shot zooms out to the Witches crystal ball, and fades away. Then the Witch looks into her crystal ball and can see the poppy field, zooming back in to see Dorothy and her friends on their adventure to see The Wizard of Oz. (Sound) The perceptual properties of film sound used in The Wizard of Oz are the loudness (volume) and pitch. The scenes where the group sing â€Å"We’re off Were off to see the Wizard, The wonderful Wizard of Oz, Youll find that the man is a whiz of a Wiz, If ever a Wiz there was, If ever, if ever a Wizmthere was, The Wizard of Oz is one because, Because, because, because, because, because, Of the wonderful things he does, Were off to see the Wizard, The wonderful Wizard of Oz,† the volume as well as the pitch always go up. The rhythm flows really well. An example from the Wizard of Oz that shows non-diegetic sound is when Dorothy is talking to the Wicked Witch and the Good Witch. The characters conversation is mirrored with the music playing in the background. The non-diegetic sound supports the narrative. As well as helping the viewer’s get an emotional attachment to the shots. (Narrative)

Philosophy of Education: Herbert Marcuse

Philosophy of Education: Herbert Marcuse Joseph Cunningham Praxis Exiled: Herbert Marcuse and the One Dimensional University,  Journal of Philosophy of Education Vol 47 No 4 2013 Cunninghams exploration of Herbert Marcuse positions him at the centre of the revolutionary student movements of the 1960s. Higher education could at that time be seen as a place which was shielded to some extent from the pacifying tendencies within advanced capitalist labour. Of all the theories which emerged out of the influential Frankfurt School, Marcuses was perhaps the one theory which could more easily beapplied in practice because it narrowed Marxist critique to analyse the extent to which advanced capitalisms influence penetrated inwardly. Cunningham encapsulates this by stating, gendered rhetoric aside, One Dimensional Man, is about you and your life. However, Cunningham argues that it was never Marcuses intention to develop his theory, whilst navel gazing inside an ivory tower. Rather critical theory in education should move students to pierce through the institutional walls and function as actualised praxis, the congruence of theory and action. Cunningham uses Marcuses own words from 1968, By its own inner dynamic, education thus leads beyond the classroom, beyond the university, into the political dimension and in to the moral, instinctual dimension (his italics). An inner revolution is a precursor to outer revolution and dialectical critique is the key to the liberation which will nurture that inner revolution. Marcuse looked beyond labour itself to find the causes of what he thought was creating a one dimensional society: he argued that technology, the media and a converging standardisation of values coupled with an unending stream of must have commodities combine to attack an individuals authenticity. Reason is usurped by technological rationality and our critical senses are dulled, making us, as Marcuse argued, disinterested in or even hostile to dissent. Cunningham carefully traces how the ripe revolutionary potential of the 1960s has come under the control of capital, as Marcuse predicted might be the case. I can see how the growing corporatisation of higher education, of which Marcuse was aware in 1960, has indeed spread tentacles across the sector. The perceived waste of human capital in the liberal arts has been either recycled into more useful courses or disposed of. Cunninghams view is that, as Marcuse predicted, the drive to develop online education can arguably be seen as another route to seal the packaging of educational content as a product for students as consumers, so much so that the consumer and campus culture are indistinguishable. The halcyon days of free education have been replaced by a narrowing of access due to lack of means. Cunninghams conclusion is bleak but understandable: even though critical theory is still taught, it is largely devoid of praxis and often delivered online in digitally standardised curricula. Marcuse would find it empty of the dynamic which he felt it had the potential to bring to student life. Like Marcuse, however, Cunningham sees some evidence of counterculture: citing the Occupy Movement as one candle in the darkness of the pervasive atmosphere which is antithetical to critical thought. Self-exile beckons for those who, like Marcuse before them, seek to step outside to look within with fresh eyes. There are indicators everywhere we look of the dominant capitalist culture which makes us so wrapped up in our daily existence and desire for material goods that we fail to see the possibility of any other existence. Indeed, we are led to crave the same dimension. Marcuses One Dimension flattens our capacity for imagining another kind of existence and suppresses our instinctive desires. Whether it is the subliminal appeal of an advertising jingle or the promise of a higher salary if we put all our energies into STEM, we are persuaded that our present should be used to build our future. However the vision is as narrow as a tunnel. The light at the end is that of unexamined material prosperity: there are few unexpected rays lighting the corners of our imagination to help us to reach out to change our perspective. After all, evidence of a different light source might encourage us to look for another way out. Word count: 663 References Brookfield, S. (2005). The Power of Critical Thinking for Adult Learning and Teaching. Maidenhead: OUP. Graham, A. (n.d.). Liberation Powerpoint Class notes Jan 2017. WIT. Marcuse. (1967). Liberation from the Affluent Society (1967) . Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bQLpqno6J_g Accessed 14/12/2106

America is currently involved a conflict in the Middle East. The United :: English Literature

America is currently involved a conflict in the Middle East. The United States is trying to stop the terrorism problem in nonconforming nations. America is currently involved a conflict in the Middle East. The United States is trying to stop the terrorism problem in nonconforming nations. The tactics that the United States is using is hurting many civilians and is slowing the process of rebuilding their government. The United States is pushing their conformity on these nations that are refusing to follow their demands. In Kesey's, One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, there is conflict between the different levels of the Combine due to nonconformists that parallels the present situation that the United States is presently in. The machines of Chief's fantasies dominate the images of Kesey's novel. In the book, Chief describes Nurse Ratched as the following, "Under her rule the ward Inside is almost completely adjusted to surroundings. But the thing is she can't be on the ward all the time. She's got to spend some time Outside. So she works with an eye to adjusting the Outside world too. Working alongside others like her who I call the 'Combine,' which is a huge organization that aims to adjust the Outside as well as the Inside, has made her a real veteran at adjusting things"(Kesey 30). Chief believes that Nurse Ratched is a member of the Combine. The main goal of this organization is to perfect the world and change people to fit into society. "Combine," the name that Chief gives the organization, is a term for a threshing machine, whose main purpose is to cut down and harvest wheat. The name defines what the organization does; it takes people down and then turns them into something. They are suppose to try to change the patients into better people so they could attempt to one day reenter society as a full functioning person. Yet this isn't the only machine is the ward. There are machines in the Shock Shop that are used to punish people who are disobedient. In the main part of the ward there are fog machines installed into the walls, these manipulative machines are used to isolate the patients and confuse them. The Combine is supposedly trying to help the patients, yet they are ironic. The Shock Shop Therapy kills the patients' brain cells. This is made visible through Ellis. He was considered an Acute when he entered the hospital, until they mistakenly gave him to much Shock Therapy. The result is that now you can see him now standing permanently "crucified" on the wall, an unfortunate consequence of the 'therapy.' They also employ another method of attempting to improve a

Brainwash Training in the Army :: Personal Narrative Writing

Brainwash Training in the Army I never would have imagined I would leave the Army brainwashed. Everyone has the preconception that basic training would be kind of hard and that you would leave in shape. Everyone finds boot camp challenging, and the reward you get for completing it? You leave a brainwashed killer. I joined the Army National Guard while I was a senior in high school. I was tired of Bristol and my unfulfilling life in Tennessee. I could not wait to leave and go far away from home and see what other places had to offer. In August I left for Ft. Jackson, South Carolina, a basic training post. There were a five or six of us that left from Knoxville by van to get there. We arrived around midnight. As soon as we stepped out of the van we were ushered into a room like cattle. There was already over a hundred people sitting elbow-to-elbow on the floor. This room was extremely small and overcrowded, but I managed to wedge myself between two people. Someone was standing behind a counter telling that we could not have weapons, drugs, pornographic material, and things for gambling with. After that, the people in charge, drills sergeants started yelling at us and telling us to get up and run out of the building. They ran us to another building. This building had our beds in it. We were told to go upstairs, put our things on the bunks, and come back down. The drill sergeants said that we had one minute to accomplish this and that fifteen seconds of it had passed. All of us darted up the stairs, knocking each other down, trying to make it back down in time. All of us arrived back down stairs to the screaming of drill sergeants. They were saying, "Front leaning rest position move". Once the drill sergeants saw me they got really angry. I was just standing there because I did not know what front leaning rest position was. One of the drill sergeants came over and began to verbally assault me, yelling, "Are you deaf? I said, FRONT LEANING REST POSITION MOVE!" I told him I did not know what that was. He replied that it was the push-up position in a very unfriendly manner. He said it was all right that I did not know what that meant, because I was another dumb inbred from Tennessee.

Pharmacogenetics

History Pharmacogenetics was first discovered in the 1950’s, however it was used to isolate how genes affected the metabolizing of drugs. When pharmacogenetics was first started, they did not have the aid of the technology we do today, so the doctors of the 1950’s discovered how genes affected drugs by testing how people of different ethnicities reacted to drugs, and they would record how one ethnicity would react to drug and what side effects they would get compared to another ethnicity, however this was first done because of curiosity or chance.Once enough data had been collected, it showed that these tests should be done for any other drug made in the drug development process, and has since then progressed through the years due to the progression of technology. Facts First pharmacogenetics trait discovered was the inability to taste the chemical phenylthiourea, and this was due to hereditary reasons. Negative drug reactions are believed to be the reason behind 100,00 0 deaths in U. S. hospitals every year. 2. 2 million more suffer from non fatal but still serious reactions to drugs each year.What is Pharmacogenetics? Pharmacogenetics is the study of how the genes of a person will affect how they react to drugs. This reaction can be positive or negative, the positive affect being the drug working, and the negative affect could be bad reactions or death. These reactions are caused by the way your genes react with the ingredients of the drug. By engaging in the study of pharmacogenetics, we have figured out why men and women react to drugs differently, and why people of different races react to drugs differently.Using this knowledge doctors have changed the ingredients and structure of the drugs so that they would have the desired affect. With advances in Pharmacogenetics, People would not have to go to the doctors over and over again because they had a negative affect to the drug, because after your doctor had examined your genes, he would be able to identify the perfect drug for you, which would less likely have severe effects. Ethical questions about PharmacogeneticsOne of the biggest problems with pharmacogenetics is that the person must be genetically screened first so that their doctor can analyze their genes and see which drug would be best for the patient. What is wrong with the genetic screening is that if the company the patient was working out found out the person was likely to die young or had a tendency to get sick, the company could end up firing the person to cut costs if the company offers health insurance to its workers.Health insurances Companies could also use the information they found out about this person to deny them coverage or raise the price of their coverage.Sources www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pmc/articles/PMC2752627/ http://www. actionbioscience. org/genomic/barash. html http://www. prozactruth. com/pharmagenetics. htm http://www. dartmouth. edu/~dmsheart/genetics/pharm/pharm. html http://www. ncbi. n lm. nih. gov/About/primer/pharm. html http://medical-dictionary. thefreedictionary. com/Pharmacogenetics www. ornl. gov/hgmis/medicine/pharma. html www. nigms. nih. gov/pharmacogenetics/

Western Art Discussion

Exit Through the Gift Shop is a movie directed by Banksy which is centered around Thierry Guetta – Mr. Brain Wash- a Frenchman. Guetta created exhibits of art consisting of many pre-existing prints. Using a computer, he distorted them and probably managed to sell them for some million dollars. Banksy’s film does not show much about Banksy. Rather, he filmed it in a way that takes a look at what factors make contemporary art unfit. This movie is thus not such an interesting one. t is however more educative and can enable one to enhance their artwork if they are keen with the production (Ryzik). A more disappointing aspect of this movie is that Terry seems to dominate the movie although Bankys is supposed to feature more to showcase his movement of the art. Terry must seek to show that Banksy was a London-based infamous graffiti artist who was however never known by people. This situation could thus be seen a big ridicule. Banksy tries to demonstrate that contemporary art needs people with big finances so that they can have access to a large exhibition to market their products besides gaining fame. Thierry cannot be regarded as an artist since he reproduces work which has already being done by other people. he however employs professionals to help him during his work. In conclusion Thierry’s documentary about Banky's excellence in his own career is just a contribution to the work of art especially regarding how one can come up in the art industry and finally excel.

Example of Mathematics Lesson Plan for Bearing Topic

LESSON PLAN Date: 23 October 2012 (Tuesday) Time: 2. 30p. m until 3. 30 p. m. Class: 5 Science 1 Number of Pupils: 29 Subject: Mathematics Topic: Bearings Learning Area: Bearings Previous Knowledge: The students have learnt the four main compass directions in Geography Subject. Thinking Skills: Identifying, Calculating and Drawing. Teaching-learning Resources: Manila Card. Learning ObjectivesPupils will be taught to†¦ | Teaching and Learning Activities| Learning OutcomesPupils will be able to †¦ Remarks| 1 Understand the concept of bearing. | Introduce the eight main compass directions. | Draw and label the eight main compass directions: a) north, south, east, west, b) north-east, north-west, south-east, south west. | Vocabulary north-eastsouth-eastnorth-westsouth-westcompass anglebearing| 2 Use the concept of bearing. | 1 Show and calculate the compass angle of any direction. Examples :State the bearing of point P. Answer : 48? Answer : 180? + 60? 240? Answer : 180? â€⠀œ 40? = 140? Answer : 270? + 20? = 290? Answer : The bearing of  A  from  B  is 065?. The bearing of  B  from  A  is 245?. 2 Discuss the use of bearing in real life situations. For example, in map reading and navigation. Example : In Diagram 8, P, Q and R are three points on a horizontal plane. R lies to the east of P. The bearing of Q from P is 072?. The bearing of R from Q is A 162? B 198? C 288? D 342? | 1 State the compass angle of any compass direction. Draw a diagram which shows the direction of B to A given the bearing of B from A. 3 State the bearing of point A from point B based on the given information. 4 Solve problems involving bearings. | Point to noteCompass angle and bearing are written in three-digit form, from 000? to 360?. They are measured in a clockwise direction from north. Due north is considered as bearing 000?. For cases involvingdegrees and minutes, state in degrees up to one decimal place. |

Music as Social and Political Instrument of Change in Latin America

Philosophers and critics have long argued over which way the maxim should read:   does art imitate life, or does life imitate art?   Historically, artists of every medium have contributed to the social dialogue via there works, whether through hieroglyphics depicting a successful journey to the underworld, a holy Requiem for the dead, or shock artist Robert Mapplethorpe’s sexually and religiously controversial exhibits.   Music transcends most art forms as a tool for unification because it inherently invites participation, even more so than dance or theater in the realm of the performing arts, which demand more individual preparation.   Songs and chants can be generated anywhere, and often hearken back to indigenous folk music that taps into a communal experience, thus strengthening the sense of interconnectedness. In Latin American, two similar genres of music developed out of the cultural music of the region in response to contemporary socio-political issues that personally affected in Chile and Cuba.   In Chile, Nueva Cancià ³n (â€Å"New Song†) emerged in the mid-1960s, just as Nueva Trova was taking root in Cuba.   In light of the New Song movement’s intimate relationships in the revolutions that rocked Latin America during the late 60s to mid 70s, one is urged to conclude that Eric Selbin’s assertion regarding revolutions being â€Å"made† not â€Å"arriving† more accurately reflects the inherent ideological influence in socio-political upheaval.   As Nancy Morris records a member of the musical movement saying, â€Å"’[Canto Nuevo is] not just a post-1973 way of singing.   In what is said and how it’s said poetically and musically, Canto Nuevo is a process’† (qtd. in Morris 118). Both musical movements stemmed from artistic reactions to the living and working conditions in Chile and Cuba respectively, and both embraced traditional folk music’s conventions as a platform to express politicized lyrics.   â€Å"New Song began as a fusion of traditional musical forms with socially relevant lyrics.   Although each country has developed variations of New Song that reflect local social and political conditions and musical styles, New Song as a whole can be characterized as music intended to support and promote social change† (Morris 117). In Chile, songwriter, activist, educator, poet and martyr Victor Para wrote songs that for many defined the atmosphere of the movement and the hope of the community. His song, â€Å"Plegaria a un Labrador,† which â€Å"uses Biblical language to convey a message of hope and change,† was chosen as the best song of the Primer Festival de la Nueva Cancià ³n Chilena in 1969 (Morris 120).   Jara’s music (and the music of the entire movement) was like a responding chorus to the political requests of Salvador Allende, the Unidad Popular (â€Å"Popular Unity†) coalition candidate.   In â€Å"Plegaria a un Labrador,† Jara wrote the following lyrics: levà ¡ntate y mà ­rate las manos,  para crecer estrà ©chalas a tu hermano.   Juntos iremos   unidos en la sangre.   Hoy es el tiempo que puede ser maà ±ana   rise up and look upon your hands,   so as to grow clasp your brother’s in your own.   We shall advance together united in our blood.   Today is the time/when we can shape tomorrow. These lyrics suggest a call to arms and a charge to unify (i.e., â€Å"Unidad Popular†) so that the many can affect positive change for the good of the citizenry.   Yet there is still a sense of hope in the song, that the working class have the capacity to stand together and â€Å"advance,† not simply battle meaninglessly against oppression.   Jara went on to openly support Allende, including performing free concerts. Only three years after Allende was elected, the US-supported military staged a coup on September 11, 1973.   Allende most likely committed suicide. â€Å"The music of the Nueva Cancià ³n was severely affect by this media censorship [after the coup]. It was banned from the airwaves, removed from record stores, confiscated, and burned†¦ musicians were exiled, imprisoned, and, in the well-known case of Victor Jara, killed† (Morris 123). On September 12, 1973, Jara and thousands of other Allende supporters were taken to the Chile Stadium, where Jara was tortured and murdered.   The new government tried to silence the Nueva Cancià ³n by forcing the musicians to hide, but the music was not the property of the musicians; as Jara so eloquently wrote, the music was for the working people of Chile, and thus is was not to be completely suppressed. In Cuba, the revolution began with in 1953 with the guerilla attack on the Moncada Barracks and culminated in the overthrow of Fulgencio Batista’s government on January 1, 1959 by a group, which included Fidel Castro, Raul Castro, and Ernesto â€Å"Che† Guevara.   After he assumed power, Castro spent the early part of the 1960s eliminating all Batista loyalists, including the mass execution of 70 Batista regime soldiers.   One crucial element of support for Castro’s social change, even in the wake of such brutality, was the proliferation of songs that supported the revolution and its progressive intentions. Artists such as Silvio Rodrà ­guez and   Pablo Milanà ©s were responsible for the Nueva Trova in the late 60s, and their efforts were directed to re-imagining the traditional music for the new culture under Castro’s political umbrella.   To this end, the government sponsored and supported those artists of the movement, because they were, in turn, supporting the progressive movements of the new party.   Both Rodrà ­guez and Milanà ©s wrote songs for Che Guevara, for example.   â€Å"By negotiating their way through Cuban cultural politics, Rodriguez's generation defined their politics in the process, proving Cuban culture to be diverse and inspiring,†¦challenging propaganda clichà ©s by creating the distinctive self- critical songs of the Cuban revolution,† (Fairly 15). In both countries, the music makers were part of the recipe for social and political change.   Their lyrics gave illiterate people a way to express their frustrations and concerns, and the musicians of the Nueva Cancià ³n worked with and against the political forces of their day.   As Fairly writes:  In a country not blessed with newspapers, the words of songs matter: songs like the iconic Ojala, a song about impossible desire and dreams that seems to capture all life's uncertainties in one, became the soundtrack of everyday life across the Spanish-speaking world. Although he was no apologist for the revolution, Rodriguez's popularity at home became so great that people joked that he had gone from being â€Å"banned† to â€Å"obligatory.† (15)  This sense of obligation is part of the way in which many people have a hand in creating and growing massive socio-political movements. Works Cited Jan Fairley. â€Å"Film & Music: Jazz, World, Folk etc†¦ An accidental hero: For Latin Americans, Silvio Rodriguez is the equivalent of the Beatles and Dylan rolled into one. Ahead of a rare UK visit, Jan Fairley met the Cuban singer.† The Guardian Sept. 2006: 15.  Ã‚   National Newspapers, London, UK. ProQuest. 6 Feb. 2007 ;http://www.proquest.com/;  Morris, Nancy.   â€Å"Canto Porque es Necesario Cantar: The New Song Movement in Chile, 1973-1983.† Latin American Research Review 21.2 (1986): 117-136. ; ;

A Strange Role Model

When a person has a role model, they look up to that special someone, adoring them, wanting and trying to be everything that person stands for. Little boys look up to Michael Jordan, the sports hero of our time. Little girls look up to models and Barbie, wanting to be beautiful, poised and sophisticated women. Me, I always thought that I had no role model, no one I wanted to be. Then one day my dad and I had a huge argument. Nickay! he always screamed, not yet having mastered the art of talking. Why didnt you wash the dishes last night? He barged into my room. I looked up from my homework and calmly explained that I had so much homework to do that I had fallen asleep. He screamed some more and, angered, I screamed back. He said Id better not let it happen again or I would see what would happen. My father has always been a believer in ruling the household with a firm hand. When he left my room, I thought, boy do I dislike that man and click, it came to me. My influence is my father. This brazen, rough man is my role model for everything I dont want to be. When I grow up, I dont want to be anything like my father. Growing up was hard. When I was smaller, I tried desperately to be Daddys little girl. I wanted him to protect me. I wanted him to buy me a necklace with a charm that said Daddys Little Girl, and one day in return Id give him one that said Number One Father. I wanted to go out for ice cream and talk about different things. Sadly, it never happened. My father was nothing like I dreamed. He made many promises and broke them all. Growing up, I always studied hard and strived to be the best. My father would be proud some days but others, when he was mad, would tell me with a mean face, I dont care how many books you read or study, youll never be smarter than me. This from a security officer with a high school diploma. My father brought me up with a stern hand; I feel children should be allowed to be children, and should be loved, not beaten. Now that Im seventeen my dad doesnt hit me anymore, but he may slap me once in a blue moon. He feels I have no respect and wants to put me in my place. He is the parent and I am the child. Nothing more, nothing less. But in reality, I dont hold any respect for my father. In his house, my dad feels that his way is always right, and tries to enforce his brazen ideas. But somehow I have been able to develop an independent mind and believe in myself. The only thing we have in common is our love of sports. Still, its different. He wants me to run track in the Olympics and, while I love track, I value an education more. Today, I am a strong, independent, black-Hispanic woman. Unlike my father, I love different cultures, new ideas and concepts. I have grown to love classical and some alternative music music that he ridicules. However, I just lock my door and pop in Beethovens Symphony No. 9, or my favorite, Tchaikovskys 1812 Overture. I love Broadway shows and dream of the day my father will take me to see Miss Saigon, which some of my girlfriends have done with their dads. But I am forced to save money to see this play on my own. I love to read and discuss books, something my father would never do with me. So I discuss books with my teachers and my uncle, who is a bookworm. My father feels there is no life beyond the city, but I want to travel and see the world. I have always been fascinated by other cultures, which is why I want to study International Relations. This probably comes from my diverse background. I am Hispanic, but I look African-American and realize how different these two cultures are. My Hispanic friends are open to friendship and are more sentimental than my black friends. Ive lived in Panama (my birthplace), Costa Rica, Hawaii, Texas and now on the East Coast. But my main goal has always been to try to lend a helping hand. It hurts me to see all the troubles in countries like Serbia. I feel a nagging pain to want to help. Graduating from high school and college are my top priorities. I dont ever want to stop being who I have become, because I have grown to like myself. My father and I have come to an understanding leave him alone and he leaves me alone. Lately, he has been proud of my accomplishments. I was in an article in the city newspaper, and he showed it to his friends. It may seem a little late for my father to begin understanding me, but I will give him a chance because someday I would like to be someones role model. fl

Food Insecurity Projects Conducted by the Following Organizations Research Paper

Food Insecurity Projects Conducted by the Following Organizations - Research Paper Example This is by encouraging the building of reserves for surplus food. The advice they offer goes a long way in promoting understanding between the countries these organizations come from, and the countries being offered assistance (Kracht and Schulz 194). As countless numbers of organizations come up, it is imperative to note the roles most of them play in eradicating food insecurity, and the growth of projects to protect the food many countries store. This paper will examine a number of such organizations, and the role they play in combatting the food insecurities experienced in most parts of the world. Also, how the world is reacting toward these organizations’ involvement in most of their activities. It is a division of the United Nations that seeks to address world health and issues that affect it. The rise in number of projects in many parts of the world to address food insecurity is part of the fundamental principles that it is run on, ever since its inception. One of the many responses that it is covering as an international organization is to address the issue of grain prices (Smith and Alderman 178). In Australia, the WHO is addressing the plight of minority groups in Australia. Some of the indigenous groups face problems with the unavailability of nutritious food. The WHO is offering these groups education as some of the projects it is undertaking in the region (Smith and Alderman 190). Manufacturers and wholesalers are urged to dispose of surplus food by the organization through the food banks present. It is one of the main organizations that helps run leading food programmes in the world. It is responsible for ensuring many nations are receiving the deserved attention when it comes to nourishing, healthy food. This is to combat the number of undernourished individuals, in the world, and mend the food situations in most protracted areas (Kracht and Schulz 199). There are crucial

Persaude people to travel to Walt Disney World Essay

Persaude people to travel to Walt Disney World - Essay Example ex is so huge and comprehensive that on top of the four theme parks previously mentioned, it also contains two water parks, twenty-three hotels with different themes, three luxury resorts, as well as numerous dining, shopping, recreation and entertainment venues (Wikipedia, 2008). The children mostly enjoy the magical, childish vibe and atmosphere of the place, as there are many employees of the entertainment park walking around dressed like the childrens favorite cartoon characters, among which are Mickey and Minny Mouse, which are the most famous ones. There are also many rides whose theme is the magical kingdom or something related to it, as many rides feature puppets of cartoon animals from shows or movies, which visitors see either by going on a ride that floats in the air or by a boat sailing across the building in which it is placed. The whole experience is magical and more enjoyable than anything we can ever imagine. Moreover, there is a special section which is like a fun sports center for kids, full of tunnels, bridges, plastic ball pools and more, in which the kids enjoy moving around and sliding in tunnels as well as getting some exercise along the way. Along with these rides, primarily intended for children and youngsters, there are many other rides which are designed specifically to those who enjoy and crave adrenalin rushes, the fast beating of the heart, the scariest rides. These include several types of roller- coasters, some with scary loops and twirls; an elevator which drops from the height of a dozen or so floors in about ten seconds; scary houses and tours in cursed buildings in which bloody monsters jump at you and scream, and more. Clearly, from the youngest to the oldest, if youre a man or a woman, regardless of your marital and familial status, anyone could enjoy the Walt Disney World, since it provides such a full and complete experience combining fun, magic, exercise, science, technology, films and more, and anyone can find something

Leadership and Talent Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 26

Leadership and Talent - Essay Example As the paper declares the human resource department did not consider it as essential, but in current times it is essential to address issues of talent because it is linked with creativity. Creativity of the workers can be improved through nurturing of their individual talents and encouraging them to develop the necessary skills for exploitation of their talents   From this paper it is clear that some talents may require the use of other skills. These skills are vital because they ensure the talent is visible. Talent leadership and strategic talent leadership are vital in the ear because it encourages the development of the talent with the organization or setting. The current situation of leadership discourages the development of the necessary skills in all the other sectors. Leadership and talents have often been misrepresented or mismatched leading to poor understanding of the role of leadership in management. Talent leadership ensures that employees in an organization are able to use their respective area of operation improving the performance and encouraging the development of the necessary skills and training. This study highlights that for a leader to become a successful talent leader, he must be able to change focus from self to managing others. To manage others, the leader must develop the necessary public relations as well as the relationship with the employees to be able to offer guidance even in issues that are deemed not effective or personal issues. The value of a talent manager is to bring to an organization the necessary skills and improve performance of the people he or she is managing. Leadership in this context involves behaviour and not a position or title. In the current set up, the individual contribution of the manager does not count. To achieve success, the manager must be able to develop a cycle of values that can create ripples throughout the organization.  

How Gas Laws Apply In the Health Care Industry Research Paper

How Gas Laws Apply In the Health Care Industry - Research Paper Example Most of the arms and ammunition works utilizing the principles of the gas laws. A bullet utilized the gas pressure to be shot from the bullet. This high pressure is attained by igniting the gunpowder present in the bullet. Rockets also have the same principle but a rocket requires a lot more fuel to attain such a pressure due to its weight as compared to a bullet. In this way, the significance of the gas laws is in every aspect of life. Gas laws are applicable to most of the industries to provide goods and services to the customers. Gas Gas is a state of matter in which the molecules of the matter remains apart from each other, in this way, the volume of the gas remains higher as compared to its weight. Gas may be colorless and odorless but gases have odor and slightly light color like chlorine has a stingy smell while oxygen is colorless and odorless (West 2008). Difference between Gas and Other Type of Matter The other two states of matter are solid and liquid. The molecules of the solids are such liked to each other that the molecules can only vibrate maintaining their position because of external force. In liquids, the molecules are liked to each other but in relatively loose bond than that of the solids. In this way, the molecules can more from one place to remains contacted with the other molecules. In gases, the moles are free to move, there exists no bondage between the molecules of the gas. ... Pressure Pressure is a term, which is utilized when the freely moving particles of the gas collide with the walls of the container and collide with each other to make a force exerting against the wall of the container. The more the dimensions of the container, the lesser will be the pressure and the container with less dimensions has the more pressure for the same amount of gas. In the similar way, if the amount of gas is increases the pressure will be increased in the container with similar dimensions. The units of the pressure are Atmospheres (atm), Pounds per square inch (PSI), Inches of mercury (in.Hg) and millimeters of mercury (mm.Hg). While the SI unit of pressure is Pascal (Pa) or Newton per square meter (N/m2) while non SI units are Bar and dyne per square centimeter (barye). Standard pressure is considered as one atm (Halzner 2011). Temperature Temperature intensely affects a gas. Temperature is an external effect that affects the molecular motion of the gas particles. As t he temperature increases the random molecular motion of the particles, increases as the gas molecules take the heat energy and convert it to kinetic energy. In this way, the volume of the gas increases and thus the pressure increases. Similarly, if a container filled with an amount of gas is exposed to extreme lower temperature, the gas in the container contracts and creates a vacuum in the container, the container may sucker external gas to fill the vacuum. The standard value of temperature is 273K or 0oC. The units of temperature are Kelvin (K), Celsius (C) (Halliday, Resnick and Walker 2005). Chemical amount The chemical amount of gas is represented as the no of grams or no of moles. The amount in grams is calculated using the

Representative of Asian American Experience Essay

Representative of Asian American Experience - Essay Example The minor groups living here are suffering the problems of identity and existence. They want to be recognized as Americans but at the same time they cannot keep their own culture away from their life. They cannot forget their originality and the native people always make them aware about their ethnic originality. Many books were written on the problem of Asian American communities in America. Many movies hit the box office disclosing the problems of these people. Many documentaries have been made on these minority groups. Here in this essay we are trying to find out which creative work is best suitable to represent Asian American culture and community. Asian Americans are only five percent of the entire US populations. Even though they have a very rich culture they often suffer by the crisis of distinctiveness because the native people from America have nothing to do with their culture even if it is rich. The purpose of this paper is to focus Asian and American culture from different perceptive and with the reference of different means of media such as films, documentary, feature films etc. Before taking into consideration the different above mentioned factors, Lets discuss about what is the term â€Å"Asian Americans.† This is a wide study which encompasses the wide range of topic as well as theatrical approaches. We can explore the concept â€Å"Asian American† by considering various fields such as psychology, history, sociology, politics, economics, literary texts and the films which are the representatives of Asian American culture. For this research paper we have included two feature films. First is â€Å"Chan is missing† and second is â€Å"Better Luck Tomorrow,† then a documentary, â€Å"Who Killed Vincent Chin?† and the graphic novel â€Å"Donald Duk,† by Frank Chin. The common thing in all these creative works is that

EgyptAir Flight 990 Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

EgyptAir Flight 990 - Research Paper Example Safety management systems programs have been developed nowadays and implemented in airlines, civil aviation authorities, manufactures, airports, units of air traffic control all over the world. The international organization of civil aviation has insisted on the implementation of safety management systems in the mentioned areas so as to curb the problem off accidents involving aircrafts and those that come as a result of incompetency as well (Rodriguez, Cusick and Wells, 2012). This should therefore be done in all airlines, aviation maintenance organizations and in all airports. Consequently, most airlines should implement the overall objective of achieving and maintaining acceptable standards of safety within the context of raising air traffic, wider competition commercially and a greater center on realization of cost. Hence, successful safety management entails staff at all stages in operations, design and manufacture of aircrafts, control of air traffic, airports, handling and maintenance of ground operations and others like private flights (Dekker, 2007). This therefore, calls for advancement of such better facts in all the aviation organizations so as to curb various problems and failures that might crop up during frequent operations of the airlines. Aviation safety management doctrine has moved from an outdated habitual reactive basis to a recent proactive, from the focus of an organization (Ludwig and Ayres, 2009). Aircraft accidents have become a rare case in today’s history; however, there is no chance for advancement. The safety management program deploys an improved system management assumption and practice to drive the occurrence level of vital safety events to an even lower level. It is essential for each and very individual involve in the safety management systems to deeply understand the meaning of the word safety since this is the key concept in this

IIndividual Projec Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

IIndividual Projec - Assignment Example Today Hip-Hop is a way of life among many youths, a new culture that is deeply woven in all aspects of our daily life. Faced with myriads of challenges that range from unemployment, inequality, marginalization, lack of access to quality healthcare and many others, urban youth have been heavily impacted by these effects of industrialization and globalization. Most youth now identify with the Hip-Hop culture; it informs our understanding everything in our surrounding. For most youths, Hip-Hop is a way of life and a method through they understand the world. This is reflected in their choices of media to consume, books to read music, movies and games purchased. A lot of empirical data is available to show how Hip-Hop culture influences youths when it comes to learning (Carl and Virgil, 2014). Music is recognised significantly among the youth and as such is a very essential element of their culture. Many of us youth enjoy listening to and expressing our feelings through music. Research has shown Hip-Hop, R&B, Rock, Pop and Punk as the most preferred genres of music among the youth. Many youth and students will therefore spend their time listening to either of these genres of music at least every day. The lack of understanding of Hip-Hop by parents and other figures of authoring them admonish the youth for identifying with it and this in turn has compelled forced youth to deeply immerse in the culture (Sealey and Greene, 2010). Another very important element of the youth culture is their intimacy with video gaming. This is particularly influenced by the availability of internet with which youths can easily download or even play video games online. There is also the rapid increasing in the uptake of mobile phones, with lots of youth having access to mobile phones it is very easy to access the internet and play online video games from anywhere any time. This aids in advancing their embrace when it comes to video gamingm. In conclusion

International business Essay Example for Free

International business Essay Global or regional integrator strategy would be the dominant market player in Asia and Latin America. The aim of this strategy is to give strength the strategic relation between regions in the social political and economic sphere. It helps in encouraging economic relations through investment which will help in innovation, technological development, and competitiveness in the industries and it also helps the industry to become efficient and earn profits (Frank 2007 p98). By Asia and Latin America adopting the regional or global integrator strategy in air line and telecommunication industries, it will lead to revival of trade in the regions or globally which will result to sustained growth, creation of jobs and elimination of poverty. Regional integrator strategy leads to increased openness and major economic reforms In industries used in regional simulations the best strategies to use is regional or global integrator because industries in such integrations will be in a position to acquire the best technology and expertise which will help the Latin America Asia to provide competitive and quality services in the airline and telecom industries. For full region integration in Asia and Latin America the appropriate strategy to use is global integration because this will help the company do sell its services globally without restriction which will help the company to have increased sales and profits. Incase of high uncertainty, the appropriate strategy to use is specialist strategy which will help Asia and Latin America to specialize their airline and telecom industries in the countries that are promising and leave those with high uncertainty level of performance. Regional risks There are a number of endemic risks in Latin America and Asia. Malaria is one of the risks which is spread by the anopheles mosquito which mostly bites at night. It is mostly found in Indonesia, India, some parts of South Korea and some parts of China. In Latin America malaria is also an endemic risk and a major public health. It kills about one million people in a year and remains a threat to Asia and Latin America The other risk to the travelers in Asia and Latin America is dengue which is a viral infection vector borne disease (Andrew Peter 2000 p 121). Transmission occurs in both urban and rural areas but the highest risk is in urban areas. Cholera is an endemic risk to both Latin America and Asia. It is caused by eating or drinking food or water which is contaminated Some risks are not common in the two regions like bird flu is a risk in Asia but not in Latin America. It is caused by influenza A virus and it is a great threat to human beings. On the other hand, yellow fever is an endemic risk in Latin America but not in Asia. It is a serious haemorrhagic disease transmitted by those mosquitoes that are infected. The disease has no cure and treatment is only used for reducing the symptoms. In Latin America still Chagas disease is endemic and thirteen million people are infected. It is usually transmitted by contamination of a person who has parasite feases of a triatomite bug. Global companies should address these risks and uncertainties in Latin America and Asia by making sure the travelers are given the right vaccines and repellants before they travel to these areas with these risks and uncertainties. They should also make sure that the right preventive measures are put in place to protect the travelers. Travelers should be trained to observe health when they go to such areas in order to avoid the water borne diseases. Consumer markets in Asia and Latin America In Asia there is high increase in population which has resulted to increase in spending power thus attracting many multinational corporations. On the other hand Latino represents the largest minority in the country but it is the fastest ethnic growing group. The purchasing power is estimated to be one consumer out of every eight residents and thus companies are also targeting this market (Robles, Simon Haar 2003 p 249). In Latin America high population of the young youths is also a driving force in this consumer market and it s taken as a business opportunity. In Asia youths have a high market value though they are influenced by the western media. In Latino market high population is concentrated in the urban area which makes it easy for geographical targeting. On the other hand population in Asia is spread in urban and rural areas making it hard to target a certain area. On cultural issues in Latin America people experience different levels of tension in culture. Those with low cultural tension expose themselves to non Latino things while those with high cultural tension emphasize their culture as a unique one. In Asia there is ethnic and language differences and thus marketers and media must put this into consideration. Asians hold to their cultural roots and so their buying behaviour is affected very much by their culture. These markets can be segmented geographically, on the basis of language segmentation and on cultural basis. Paths followed from local to regional and eventually global Companies can take different paths from localization to regionalization and finally to globalization. One of the paths is by being a diversified national champion, then a narrow regional integrator, high focused broad regional champion and finally high focused multinational company (Frank2003 p249). The other path can be highly focused national champion, to highly focused narrow regional champion to highly focused broad regional champion and finally to highly focused global multinational company. The third path is diversified national champion to narrow region integrator to broad regional integrator and finally to diversified global integrator. The other path can be national specialists to narrow regional specialists to broad regional specialist and finally global specialist. Factors that dictate which paths a firm is supposed to take are the maturity of the product, whether it is a weak or strong differentiated firm, the strength of the marketing skills and also whether the firm is highly skilled or not. The other factors that also determine the regionalization and globalization of a firm include customers, regulations, infrastructure and culture. The advantages that a firm needs to develop from one level to another include, minimization of risks, innovation, making more profits and being efficient. The Latin America airline company followed the path of first being a diversified national champion, then it went to narrow regional integrator to broad regional integrator and finally to diversified global integrator. It gained high profits, became efficient and was able to adopt new skills and technology (Robles, Simon Haar 2003 p 249). The Asian airline followed the path of being a national specialist to narrow regional specialist then it moved to broad regional specialist and finally to global specialist. The Asian airline company gained some advantages like gaining high profits and being efficient due to specialization.